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Biology Test Chapter 5

Modified True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.  If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
 

 1. 
Ecologists work with local people to find ways to protect wildlife habitats. _________________________

 

 2. 
The number of species in an area is a measure of biodiversity. _________________________

 

 3. 
Temperate deciduous forests have more biodiversity than any other terrestrial biome. _________________________

 

 4. 
A conservation biologist's main concern is protecting biodiversity. _________________________

 

 5. 
Habitat fragmentation is the biggest threat to biodiversity. _________________________

 

 6. 
The pesticide CFC damaged the eggs of the American bald eagle. _________________________

 

 7. 
When roads cut across natural areas, this produces habitat fragmentation. _________________________

 

 8. 
A plot of protected land may have different conditions at the edges than in the middle. This is known as corridor effect. _________________________

 

 9. 
A species that is brought to a place where it never lived is considered a(n) native species. _________________________

 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 10. 
The major threat to biodiversity is _____.
a.
habitat fragmentation
c.
habitat degradation
b.
habitat loss
d.
exotic species
 

 11. 
Acid rain changes the pH of soil, killing some trees. This is an example of _____.
a.
habitat fragmentation
c.
habitat degradation
b.
global warming problems
d.
exotic species
 
 
Table 5-1 shows the population sizes for 5 different species in four different areas.

Area
Species U
Species V
Species W
Species X
Species Y
Species Z
A
3
7
2
2
2
4
B
0
6
8
0
6
6
C
0
0
2
0
0
2
D
4
3
11
1
6
0
Table 5-1
 

 12. 
From Table 5-1, which species has the highest average population size?
a.
Species W
c.
Species Y
b.
Species X
d.
Species Z
 

 13. 
If the four areas in Table 5-1 were the only places in the world to find these organisms, which species most likely faces the greatest chance of extinction?
a.
Species U
c.
Species Y
b.
Species X
d.
Species Z
 

 14. 
If all four areas in Table 5-1 had identical climate and geology, which one would probably have the smallest area?
a.
Area A
c.
Area C
b.
Area B
d.
Area D
 
 
For many years orchid collectors searched Exotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchid, which is found no place else in the world. After they found the orchid, they brought it back to their homes. In the last couple of years the Kimmarie Orchid has not been found on the island. As a result, hobbyists are now sending the Kimmarie Orchid to be replanted on the island.
 

 15. 
The Kimmarie Orchid became extinct in the wild due to _____.
a.
habitat loss
c.
habitat degradation
b.
exotics
d.
overcollection
 

 16. 
The hobbyists are trying to correct the Kimmarie Orchid problem they caused by using _____.
a.
exotic species
c.
habitat corridors
b.
a reintroduction program
d.
habitat fragments
 

 17. 
Island A has an area of 30 square kilometers. Island B has an area of 400 square kilometers. The islands are near each other. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true?
a.
Island A has greater biodiversity and a higher percentage of edge effect than Island B.
b.
Island A has less biodiversity and a higher percentage of edge effect than Island B.
c.
Island A has greater biodiversity and a lower percentage of edge effect than Island B.
d.
Island A has less biodiversity and a lower percentage of edge effect than Island B.
 

 18. 
Consider the following pairs of organisms: large predators and small predators; large herbivores and small herbivores; and migratory animals and non-migratory animals. The two animals most likely to suffer the most from habitat fragmentation are the _____.
a.
large predators and migratory animals
b.
large herbivores and large predators
c.
non-migratory animals and small herbivores
d.
migratory animals and large herbivores
 

 19. 
Which one of the following is NOT a cause of acid precipitation?
a.
sulfur dioxide from burning coal
b.
nitrogen oxides from car exhaust
c.
destruction of the ozone layer
 

 20. 
Salvinia molesta, a floating aquatic plant, first entered Lake Naivasha in Kenya when a person's fish ponds flooded. The plant quickly grew, changing the habitat of parts of the lake. This is an example of a problem due to _____.
a.
reintroduction programs
c.
habitat fragmentation
b.
exotic species
d.
edge effect
 

 21. 
Which is NOT true of the U.S. Endangered Species Act?
a.
It was responsible for the creation of Yellowstone National Park.
b.
President Nixon signed it into law in 1973.
c.
It was partially responsible for the recovery of some threatened species.
d.
Other countries have created similar laws.
 

 22. 
Which country has the fewest species of mammals?
a.
Canada
b.
United States
c.
Mexico
 

 23. 
If the communities in Figure 5-4 were put in order of least to most biological diversity, they would be _____.
biology_test_chapte_files/i0270000.jpg
Figure 5-4
a.
ABCD
c.
DBCA
b.
CADB
d.
BDAC
 
 
biology_test_chapte_files/i0280000.jpg
Figure 5-5
 

 24. 
What does the graph in Figure 5-5 tell you?
a.
the farther from land, the more biodiversity
b.
the larger the islet, the more biodiversity
c.
islet size and biodiversity are not related
d.
biodiversity decreases with islet size
 

 25. 
Using the graph in Figure 5-5, extrapolate what would happen to biodiversity on a large island or continent.
a.
biodiveristy would increase greatly
b.
biodiversity would decrease greatly
c.
biodiveristy would first increase, then decrease
d.
biodiversity would remain constant
 

 26. 
Using the information from the graph in Figure 5-5, predict what would happen to biodiversity if the ocean level increased.
a.
it would increase
c.
it would decrease
b.
it would remain the same
d.
it would disappear
 
 
biology_test_chapte_files/i0320000.jpg
Figure 5-6
 

 27. 
What happened to species B in the graph shown in Figure 5-6?
a.
it increased in biodiversity
c.
it became carnivorous
b.
it decreased in population slightly
d.
it became extinct
 

 28. 
What effect did the loss of species B have on species A and D in Figure 5-6?
a.
it caused the populations of A and D to decrease
b.
it caused the populations of A and D to increase
c.
it caused the populations of A and D to become extinct
d.
it had no effect on the populations of A and D
 
 
Table:
Populations and Extinctions
  
Initial No.
 
Island
Area (km2)
of Species
Extinctions
A
850,000
175
25
B
300,000
140
35
C
90,000
80
50
Figure 5-7
 

 29. 
What is the percent loss of species on island A, according to Figure 5-7?
a.
12.5%
c.
25%
b.
14%
d.
30%
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 

 30. 
The biggest threat to biodiversity is ____________________.
 

 

 31. 
Mexico has more biodiversity than the United States because it is _________________________.
 

 

 32. 
The actions of zebra mussels and sea lamprey in the Great Lakes are examples of problems caused by ____________________ species.
 

 

 33. 
____________________ programs seek to establish species in areas where they once lived.
 

 

 34. 
A patch of wildlife area may have different climate conditions around its perimeter. This is known as ____________________.
 

 

Short Answer
 

 35. 
Describe four types of threats to biodiversity.
 

 36. 
Explain the relationship between size of an island and biodiversity.
 

 37. 
What problems are associated with keeping organisms in captivity for later reintroduction programs?
 

 38. 
Why are tropical rain forests so rich in biodiversity?
 

 39. 
Acid rain and fog kills trees in certain areas. Explain two ways that the acid rain and fog affect the trees.
 



 
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